Kasuwanci da dama a ƙasar nan na fuskantar matsin lamba sakamakon karuwar bashin cikin gida da Gwamnatin Tarayya ke karɓa daga kasuwannin kuɗi, wanda ya kai naira tiriliyan 9.19 a shekarar 2025, duk da tsadar rancen kuɗi. Wannan na kunshe ne a cikin bayanan da aka samu daga Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) a ranar Alhamis.
Bincike kan kididdigar kuɗi da rance ya nuna cewa rancen da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta karɓa ya zarce na ɓangaren masu zaman kansu da naira tiriliyan 9.19, wanda ke nuni da sauyi mai kaso 695.6 cikin ɗari a shekarar 2025. Wannan ya nuna ƙarin matsin lambar kuɗaɗen gwamnati da kuma dogaro da hanyoyin samun kuɗi na cikin gida.
Akasin haka, rancen da aka bai wa ɓangaren masu zaman kansu ya ragu da naira tiriliyan 1.543 a shekarar 2025, lamarin da ke bayyana irin ƙalubalen da ‘yan kasuwa ke fuskanta sakamakon tsauraran manufofin kuɗi da hauhawar farashin rance. Wannan bambanci ya nuna rashin daidaito a rabon albarkatun tsarin kuɗi, inda ɓangaren gwamnati ke cin kaso mafi yawa na kuɗin da ake da su.
Masana sun bayyana wannan yanayi a matsayin “crowding-out effect”, wato yadda yawaitar neman kuɗi daga gwamnati ke rage ikon bankuna na bai wa ɓangaren samarwa rance. Haka kuma, yawancin kamfanoni masu rajista sun fi maida hankali kan biyan basussukan da suke bi maimakon karɓar sababbin rance.
A tsarin kididdigar kuɗi da rance, rancen da ake bai wa gwamnati na nufin kuɗin da tsarin kuɗin cikin gida ke bai wa Gwamnatin Tarayya, musamman ta hanyar sayen takardun bashi kamar Treasury bills, bond da sauran kayan bashi, da kuma rance kai tsaye daga bankuna da sauran cibiyoyin kuɗi.
Ana amfani da irin wannan rance ne wajen cike gibin kasafin kuɗi, sake tsara basussukan da suka kai lokacin biya, tallafa wa ayyukan raya ƙasa da na yau da kullum, da kuma daidaita gibin kuɗi na ɗan lokaci idan kudaden shiga suka gaza kashe-kashe.
A gefe guda kuma, rancen da ake bai wa ɓangaren masu zaman kansu ya ƙunshi rance da bankuna ke bai wa ‘yan kasuwa, gidaje da sauran hukumomi masu zaman kansu. Ana amfani da su ne wajen jari a kasuwanci, faɗaɗa ayyuka, sayen injina, harkokin kasuwanci, noma, hidimomi da kashe-kashen mabukata. Yawaitar rancen ɓangaren masu zaman kansu na nuna bunƙasar tattalin arziki, samar da ayyukan yi da ci gaban ƙasa baki ɗaya.
Sai dai idan gwamnati ta ƙara karɓar rance daga tsarin kuɗi, musamman a yanayin tsadar rance, hakan na rage kuɗin da ake da su ga ‘yan kasuwa, tare da ƙara tsadar rance da rage jarin kasuwanci.
Bayanan CBN sun nuna cewa rancen da aka bai wa Gwamnatin Tarayya ya ƙaru da naira tiriliyan 9.192 a 2025, yayin da rancen ɓangaren masu zaman kansu ya ragu da naira tiriliyan 1.543 a lokaci guda.
A cewar bayanan, rancen gwamnati ya tashi daga naira tiriliyan 25.03 a watan Janairu zuwa naira tiriliyan 34.22 a watan Disamba 2025, wanda ke nuna ƙaruwa mai yawa cikin shekara. Wannan ya zarce na shekarar 2024, inda ƙarin rancen gwamnati ya tsaya kan naira tiriliyan 3.62 kacal.
A gefe guda kuma, rancen ɓangaren masu zaman kansu ya ragu daga naira tiriliyan 77.38 a Janairu zuwa naira tiriliyan 75.83 a Disamba 2025, duk da wasu ƙananan tashin-tashi a wasu watanni.
Masana sun bayyana cewa wannan yanayi na nuna ƙara tsananta matsalar “crowding-out”, inda sha’awar gwamnati ga rancen cikin gida ke tafiya tare da raguwa a rancen da ake bai wa ‘yan kasuwa da gidaje, lamarin da ke barazana ga bunƙasar tattalin arziki da samar da ayyukan yi a ƙasar nan.
