African Development Bank ta bayyana cewa bankunan Najeriya na bayar da lamuni ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ya kai kashi 9.4 cikin 100 kacal na GDP, lamarin da ke nuna ƙarancin rawar da cibiyoyin kuɗi ke takawa wajen bunƙasa kasuwanci da ci gaban tattalin arziki.
A cikin rahotonta na African Economic Outlook 2026, AfDB ta sanya Najeriya cikin ƙasashen da suka fi rauni wajen bayar da bashi ga ɓangaren masu zaman kansu idan aka kwatanta da ƙasashe irin su Kenya mai kashi 31.6 cikin 100, Egypt mai kashi 28.3 cikin 100, da Côte d’Ivoire mai kashi 21.4 cikin 100. Haka kuma ƙasashe masu tasowa irin su Vietnam da Malaysia sun zarce ƙasashen Afirka da tazarar mai yawa, inda kowannensu ke da fiye da kashi 121 cikin 100 na GDP a matsayin lamunin da ake bai wa kamfanoni.
Rahoton ya ce ƙarancin shiga tsakani na cibiyoyin kuɗi yana nuna cewa ba sa iya tallafa wa ci gaban ɓangaren masu zaman kansu yadda ya kamata, wanda hakan ke rage gudunmawarsu ga bunƙasar tattalin arziki.
AfDB ta bayyana cewa matsakaicin lamunin da ake bai wa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a Afirka tsakanin shekarun 2020 zuwa 2024 ya kai kashi 34.6 cikin 100 na GDP, wanda shi ne mafi ƙanƙanta a duniya. Haka kuma, adadin ajiyar cikin gida ya kai matsakaicin kashi 16.6 cikin 100 na GDP, ƙasa da matsakaicin duniya na kashi 27.3 cikin 100.
Bankin ya danganta matsalar da raunin aiwatar da dokokin jinginar kadara, jinkirin shari’a da tsauraran ƙa’idojin kula da harkokin banki, waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin bayar da bashi tare da rage sha’awar bankuna wajen ba da lamuni.
Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa bankuna na fifita saka kuɗaɗensu a takardun bashin gwamnati masu ƙarancin haɗari maimakon ba da lamuni ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, lamarin da ke takaita damar samun kuɗin jari ga kasuwanci.
A Najeriya, darajar kasuwar hannayen jari ta kai matsakaicin kashi 11.8 cikin 100 na GDP tsakanin 2020 da 2024, wanda ke cikin mafi ƙanƙanta a Afirka. AfDB ta ce hakan na nuna cewa tsarin kuɗin ƙasar bai da zurfi sosai wajen tara manyan kuɗaɗen da ake buƙata domin ayyukan more rayuwa da shirye-shiryen zamantakewa.
Bankin ya buƙaci aiwatar da gyare-gyare da suka haɗa da amfani da takardun bashin muhalli (green bonds), haɗin gwiwar gwamnati da masu zaman kansu (PPP), tsarin haɗa hanyoyin samar da kuɗi (blended finance), da musayar bashi domin ci gaba (debt-for-development swaps). Haka kuma ya nemi ƙarin haɗin gwiwa da cibiyoyin samar da kuɗaɗen ci gaba domin faɗaɗa damar samun jari na dogon lokaci.
Masanin tattalin arziki, Muda Yusuf, ya yi gargaɗin cewa ƙara karɓar bashi da gwamnati ke yi na hana kamfanoni samun lamuni, domin bankuna sun fi karkata ga saka kuɗi a takardun gwamnati masu ƙarancin haɗari da ribar da ta fi yawa, maimakon ba da bashi ga ƙananan da matsakaitan masana’antu (SMEs), lamarin da ke ƙara raunana ci gaban tattalin arzikin da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ke jagoranta.
