Duk da cewa fannin wutar lantarki a Najeriya ya samu tallafin lamuni da ya kai akalla dala biliyan 3.65 daga World Bank tun daga shekarar 2001, miliyoyin gidaje da ‘yan kasuwa na ci gaba da fama da rashin ingantacciyar wutar lantarki, yawaitar rugujewar tsarin wutar ƙasa da kuma dogaro da janareto.
Daga cikin manyan ayyukan da aka tallafa wa da waɗannan lamuni akwai Transmission Development Project na dala miliyan 100 a shekarar 2001, National Energy Development Project na dala miliyan 172 a 2005, Electricity and Gas Improvement Project na dala miliyan 400 a 2009, da kuma sabbin shirye-shirye kamar Power Sector Recovery Programme na dala miliyan 750 a 2020 da Sustainable Power and Irrigation Project na dala miliyan 500 a 2024.
Sai dai duk da waɗannan tsare-tsare, samar da wutar lantarki bai kai matakin da ake bukata ba, yayin da tsarin wutar lantarki na ƙasa ke ci gaba da fuskantar rugujewa lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Hakan ya sa gidaje da kamfanoni da dama ke ci gaba da dogaro da janaretocin fetur da dizal, lamarin da ke ƙara kuɗin gudanar da kasuwanci tare da rage gasa a fannin tattalin arziki.
Masana sun danganta wannan matsala da raunin layukan isar da wuta, ƙarancin kuɗaɗen gudanar da harkokin lantarki, matsalolin samar da iskar gas, lalata kayayyakin lantarki da masu aikata laifuka ke yi, ƙarancin saka hannun jari da kuma rashin daidaiton manufofin gwamnati.
A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, shirye-shiryen Bankin Duniya sun mayar da hankali kan makamashi mai sabuntawa da kuma samar da lantarki a yankunan da ba su da isasshen wuta, ciki har da shirin Distributed Access through Renewable Energy Scale-up da aka ƙaddamar a 2023 domin faɗaɗa amfani da hasken rana a karkara.
Sai dai kwanan nan Gwamnatin Tarayya ta soke dala miliyan 717.7 na kuɗaɗen da ba a karɓa ba daga shirin Power Sector Recovery Programme, tana mai cewa ba a cimma muhimman sauye-sauyen da aka gindaya ba.
Haka kuma an matsar da ranar ƙarewar shirin zuwa 31 ga Mayu, 2026, wanda ya kawo ƙarshensa fiye da shekara guda kafin wa’adin da aka tsara tun farko.
Masanin harkokin makamashi daga University of Lagos, Dayo Ayoade, ya bayyana cewa cin hanci da rashawa da kuma matsalolin shugabanci su ne manyan abubuwan da ke hana fannin wutar lantarki samun ci gaba.
Ya ce, “Matuƙar ba a gyara fannin wutar lantarki ba, tattalin arzikin ƙasa zai ci gaba da shan wahala, haka ma ‘yan Najeriya. Samar da wuta da kai ta hanyar janareto ba mafita ba ce domin ba ta da inganci.”
A cewarsa, akwai buƙatar aiwatar da cikakken sauyi a fannin, wanda ya haɗa da cire tallafin lantarki, daidaita kuɗin amfani da wuta da ainihin farashinta, rage cunkoson hukumomi da kuma ƙarfafa tsarin shugabanci domin tabbatar da amfani da albarkatu yadda ya kamata.
